Ion storage performance of a polymer for mono-, di- and tri-valent metal ions in non-aqueous electrolytes.

A cost-effective quinone-pyrrole conjugated polymer is utilized as an electrode for non-aqueous Al, Zn and Li-ion batteries. Reversible capacities of 120 mA h g at 50 mA g for Al-ion batteries and 108 and 175 mA h g for Zn and Li-ion batteries, respectively, at 100 mA g are observed. Thousands of stable cycles were obtained at 1000 mA g current density, providing sufficient evidence for a range of applications of the polymer in electrochemical energy storage.