A new species of Schrank (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae) from the Andes of northern Chile.

Background: The moth genus Schrank, 1802 (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae) includes 26 described species. In addition to the diamondback moth, (Linnaeus, 1758), which is an important and widely distributed pest of cruciferous crops, only two species have been previously recorded in Chile, both with distribution ranges restricted to the southern temperate rainforests.

New Information: sp.

 sp. nov., the first South American representative of the micromoth genus Braun (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Lithocolletinae).

The micromoth (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Lithocolletinae) from the arid highlands of the western slope of the Andes of northern Chile is described and illustrated. Larvae construct bulged leaf mines on the shrub Phil. (Asteraceae).

Sex Differences in Patient-Reported Outcomes and Perception of Ascites Burden Among Outpatients With Decompensated Cirrhosis and Ascites.

Introduction: Perception of the ascites burden and its effects on quality of life may be different between sexes. This study assessed sex differences in perception of ascites burden and its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with recurrent or refractory ascites.

Methods: The North American Consortium for the Study of End-stage Liver Disease prospectively enrolled outpatients with cirrhosis and large ascites requiring repeat large volume paracenteses.

Predicting clinical outcomes from off-target receptor interactions using Secondary Intelligence™.

Adverse effects due to off-target activity can be predicted by careful comparison of the relationship between expected plasma concentration and off-target activity of the test compound with that of reference drugs targeting that receptor for their therapeutic efficacy. The ratio between plasma concentration (unbound) and the K at the receptor is a surrogate measure reflecting receptor occupancy. Where data are available for reference drugs, we have curated and evaluated this at 100 receptors, 72 of which can involve both negative and positive modulations by drugs: a total of 172 'receptor modulations'.