Age-related clonal hematopoiesis and HIV infection are associated with geriatric outcomes: The ARCHIVE study.

While HIV infection and clonal hematopoiesis (CH) have been linked with inflammatory dysregulation and an increased risk of aging-related comorbidities, their relationship with clinical geriatric syndromes has not been well defined. In the Age-related Clonal Haematopoiesis in an HIV Evaluation Cohort (ARCHIVE) study (NCT04641013), we measure associations between HIV and CH and geriatric syndromes. Of 345 participants (176 with HIV and 169 without HIV), 23% had at least one mutation associated with CH: 27% with HIV and 18% without HIV (p = 0.

Anticancer effect of minor phytocannabinoids in preclinical models of multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer caused by uncontrolled growth of clonal plasmacells. Bone disease is responsible for the severe complications of MM and is caused by myeloma cells infiltrating the bone marrow and inducing osteoclast activation. To date, no treatment for MM is truly curative since patients relapse and become refractory to all drug classes.

Inference of Nipah virus evolution, 1999-2015.

Despite near-annual human outbreaks of Nipah virus (NiV) disease in Bangladesh, typically due to individual spillover events from the local bat population, only twenty whole-genome NiV sequences exist from humans and ten from bats. NiV whole-genome sequences from annual outbreaks have been challenging to generate, primarily due to the low viral load in human throat swab and serum specimens. Here, we used targeted enrichment with custom NiV-specific probes and generated thirty-five additional unique full-length genomic sequences directly from human specimens and viral isolates.

Violence and hepatitis C transmission in prison-A modified social ecological model.

Background: Transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) among the prisoner population is most frequently associated with sharing of non-sterile injecting equipment. Other blood-to-blood contacts such as tattooing and physical violence are also common in the prison environment, and have been associated with HCV transmission. The context of such non-injecting risk behaviours, particularly violence, is poorly studied.

Hospital-based surveillance for Japanese encephalitis in Bangladesh, 2007-2016: Implications for introduction of immunization.

Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus is recognized as a major cause of encephalitis in Bangladesh. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends human immunization as the most effective means to control JE. Several WHO-prequalified vaccines are available to prevent JE but no vaccination program has been implemented in Bangladesh.