Publications by authors named "H Lyall"
Reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus in the trigeminal ganglion with involvement of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve causes herpes zoster ophthalmicus. This is rare in children and imaging is seldom performed since the diagnosis is primarily clinical. As a result, descriptions of the associated imaging abnormalities are sparse, particularly in the paediatric literature.
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- - The study aimed to examine the occurrence of drug resistance mutations related to integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI-DRMs) in children and adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV who were referred to a perinatal virtual clinic.
- - Among 114 cases reviewed from October 2018 to January 2024, 90% had available resistance sequences, with significant findings showing that many had prior ART exposure and a notable percentage of those developed INSTI-DRMs, primarily from low/middle-income countries.
- - The research recommended treatment adjustments, emphasizing the need for enhanced access to effective therapies and the importance of addressing drug resistance in this patient population, particularly those with extensive treatment histories.
Article Synopsis
- A survey was conducted among 32 senior clinicians across 20 European countries to understand current practices in postnatal prophylaxis (PNP) and infant feeding guidelines.
- Twenty-three clinicians responded, revealing that all countries use risk stratification for PNP, but methods and regimens widely differ, with zidovudine being the most commonly used drug.
- There is significant variation in guidelines regarding infant feeding for babies born to HIV-positive parents, highlighting the need for harmonization in policies to minimize HIV transmission and support informed feeding choices.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate hearing outcomes at 24 months for infants with mild congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection, comparing those who received antiviral treatment to those who did not.
- Utilizing data from the European Registry of Children with cCMV, researchers included infants diagnosed with cCMV early in life, who had normal physical exams and mild imaging findings.
- Results showed that 34.7% of the 196 participants received antiviral treatment, but there was no significant difference in hearing loss prevalence between treated (4.6%) and untreated groups (6.3%) after two years.
Article Synopsis
- The updated UK guidelines provide management recommendations for genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) during pregnancy and the first month after birth, addressing both first episodes and recurrences of HSV.
- They also cover scenarios such as preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes and co-infection with HIV, with specific advice on caring for newborns and preventing postnatal transmission.
- Aimed at healthcare professionals in various settings, including sexual health and maternity units, these guidelines emphasize that their principles should be applied to all care environments, including community services.