Bretazenil, a benzodiazepine receptor partial agonist, as an adjunct in the prophylactic treatment of OP poisoning.

Benzodiazepines, mainly diazepam, are commonly used as anticonvulsants in the treatment of organophosphate casualties. Although very effective, diazepam usually is not used in prophylactic treatments because of its adverse effects on task performance and its abuse liability. Benzodiazepine (BZ) partial agonists are unique in that they are able to occupy all the population of a given receptor without eliciting the maximal physiological response.

Treatment of skin injuries induced by sulfur mustard with calmodulin antagonists, using the pig model.

Sulfur mustard (HD) is a potent cutaneous vesicant that penetrates rapidly through the skin, causing prolonged injuries and leading to severe incapacitation. Although there has been long and intensive efforts to find a treatment for HD skin lesions, no effective treatment is available for HD-induced skin injuries. Recently, ointments containing calmodulin antagonists were found to be effective in preventing skin injuries induced by HD in hairless mice.

Beneficial effects of topical anti-inflammatory drugs against sulfur mustard-induced ocular lesions in rabbits.

Ocular injuries following sulfur mustard (HD) exposure are characterized by an inflammatory response, observed as eyelid swelling, conjunctivitis, corneal oedema and cellular infiltration starting 1-4 h after exposure, depending on dose. These effects heal partially during the first 1-2 weeks after exposure, with the later appearance of neovascularization, recurrent erosions and recurrent oedema of the cornea (delayed response). We have shown previously that topically applied steroid treatment, administered after HD exposure, attenuated the extent of neovascularization, one of the characteristics of delayed ocular pathology in rabbits.