Simultaneous detection of infectious bronchitis virus and avian metapneumovirus genotypes A, B, and C by multiplex RT-qPCR assay in chicken tracheal samples in Ecuador.

Respiratory RNA viruses such as Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), which are characterized by generating both respiratory damage and adverse effects on reproductive organs, affect poultry production economically due to high mortality rate and decrease in egg production and quality. Particularly, aMPV has three genotypes that have been reported with greater frequency in chickens: aMPV-A, aMPV-B, and aMPV-C. The present study proposes the design of a multiplex RT-qPCR assay for the simultaneous diagnosis of the 3 genotypes of interest of aMPV and IBV, followed by testing of 200 tracheal samples of vaccinated chickens with respiratory symptoms and finally a phylogenetic analysis of the sequences found.

An Evaluation of the Use of Aggressive Fluid Resuscitation in the Early Treatment of Sepsis Patients.

Introduction Fluid resuscitation is a critical aspect of the sepsis protocol with the usual initial dose being 30 mL per kilogram. Although this dose is well accepted in patients with normal cardiac function, there is some significant variation in clinical practice concerning the optimal fluid resuscitation in septic patients with underlying congestive heart failure (CHF). Many different approaches have been tried to best treat these patients by using lesser volumes of fluid.

Critical Care Management for Novel 2019 SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63 Coinfection in a Young Immunocompromised Patient: A Chicago Experience.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a newly emerged virus that has spread rapidly, exhibiting tremendous morbidity and mortality. Some potential pharmaceutical targets have been identified but are still lacking proper validation. .

Oseltamivir and baloxavir: Dual treatment for rapidly developing ARDS on a patient with renal disease.

Influenza is an annual epidemic disease that in severe cases can lead to the development of ARDS. Current practice recommends the routine use of neuraminidase inhibitors with emerging evidence for the use of endonuclease inhibitors. We present the case of a 22-year-old female with diabetes and IgG4 tubulo-interstitial nephritis that developed rapidly progressive ARDS from influenza infection requiring ventilatory support and extra corporeal oxygenation in which oseltamivir and baloxavir were used in combination.

Seed dispersal of in the past and the present: Evidence for a generalist evolutionary strategy.

Several North American trees are hypothesized to have lost their co-evolved seed disperser during the late-Pleistocene extinction and are therefore considered anachronistic. We tested this hypothesis for the American persimmon () by studying the effects of gut passage of proposed seed dispersers on seedling survival and growth, natural fruiting characteristics, and modern animal consumption patterns. We tested gut passage effects on persimmon seeds using three native living species, the raccoon (), Virginia opossum (), and coyote (), and two Pleistocene analogs; the Asian elephant () and alpaca ().