Viral and Immune Risk Factors of HIV Rebound after Interruption of Antiretroviral Therapy.

Background: Identifying risk factors for HIV rebound after treatment interruption is crucial for designing effective remission strategies.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from participants in the Zurich HIV Primary Infection Cohort (ZPHI, N=73) and ACTG study A5345 (N=44) were analyzed before ART interruption. We measured cell-associated HIV RNA, total HIV DNA, and proviral diversity (env gene).

Cohort Profile: The Zurich Primary HIV Infection Study.

The Zurich Primary HIV Infection (ZPHI) study is a longitudinal cohort study established in 2002, aiming to study the clinical, epidemiological, and biological characteristics of primary HIV infection. The ZPHI enrolls individuals with documented primary HIV-1 infection. At the baseline and thereafter, the socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory data are systematically collected, and regular blood sampling is performed for biobanking.

Absence of Proviral Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Evolution in Early-Treated Individuals With HIV Switching to Dolutegravir Monotherapy During 48 Weeks.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART), usually consisting of 2-3 different drugs, referred to as combination ART (cART). Our recent randomized clinical trial comparing a switch to dolutegravir monotherapy with continuation of cART in early-treated individuals demonstrated sustained virological suppression over 48 weeks. Here, we characterize the longitudinal landscape of the HIV-1 reservoir in these participants, with particular attention to potential differences between treatment groups regarding evidence of evolution as a proxy for low-level replication.

The Gene Space database.

The hemiparasitic flowering plant (European mistletoe) is known for its very special life cycle, extraordinary biochemical properties, and extremely large genome. The size of its genome is estimated to be 30 times larger than the human genome and 600 times larger than the genome of the model plant . To achieve insights into the Gene Space of the genome, which is defined as the space including and surrounding protein-coding regions, a transcriptome project based on PacBio sequencing has recently been conducted.