Carboxylic acids in aqueous solutions: Hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic effects, concentration fluctuations, ionization, and catalysis.

In the frequency range between 100 kHz and 2 GHz, ultrasonic absorption spectra have been measured for a series of carboxylic acids from formic to enanthic acid, including constitutional isomers. Also investigated have been the spectra for mixtures with water of short-chain formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, and isobutyric acid, in each case covering the complete composition range. The neat carboxylic acids feature two Debye-type relaxation terms with relaxation times between 5.

CHESS classification of bladder-outflow obstruction. A consequence in the discussion of current concepts.

The present discussion on the natural history, growth rate pathophysiology, morbidity, and possible treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) reinforces the need to objectify mechanical BPH-induced obstruction with pressure-flow study. Different methods for the quantification of BPH-induced obstruction exist and the grade of simplification depends on their working mechanism. To review the limitations of the current concepts, 118 BPH patients were selected for computerized pressure-flow data analysis according to quadratic passive urethral resistance relation (PURR) function.

[Thermotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) differs from hyperthermia in the higher intraprostatic temperatures reached and in the irreversible damage it causes to intraprostatic tissue. Both subjective symptoms and objective data, such as peak flow and residual urine, are influenced differently by TUMT and by sham treatment. As expected, no improvement of the objective data was documented with TUMT, in contrast to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), whereas the improvement in subjective symptoms was comparable.

Effects of magnesium citrate and phytin on reducing urinary calcium excretion in rats.

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effects of both magnesium citrate and phytin on reducing urinary calcium excretion under high-calcium-diet conditions during single and combined treatments. An animal experiment was carried out over a period of 4 weeks in 35 male rats. Urinary calcium excretion was reduced significantly by magnesium citrate and/or phytin in rats fed on high-calcium diets.

[Results of surgical therapy for venous insufficiency as a cause of erectile disorders].

Since penile vein ligation is usually associated with a poor postoperative outcome, a study was undertaken to evaluate possible prognostic factors for this procedure. A total of 44 patients with erectile dysfunction underwent ligation of all dorsal penile veins and resection of the deep dorsal penile vein for venous impotence. A comprehensive study of all patients was made.