Loneliness in Seriously Ill Nursing Home Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Loneliness and social isolation coexist, making it difficult to study each separately. The COVID-19 lockdown provided an unprecedented and ethically viable opportunity to study loneliness in seriously ill nursing home residents under uniformly imposed social isolation conditions. To understand the phenomenon of loneliness of the seriously ill nursing home patients under a uniform social isolation condition imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Envisioning an improved research strategy for detecting moderators/mediators in intervention studies: A commentary on McClure et al.

The goal of moderator/mediator research in treatment evaluation is to provide guidance to clinicians to choose the best treatment for each patient with a disorder (moderators), and to advise on its optimal protocol or implementation (mediators): personalized/precision medicine. McClure et al. report a systematic review of studies addressing moderators/mediators of the treatment effect of digital interventions for eating disorders, finding no robust moderators or mediators.

A diffusion decision model analysis of the cognitive effects of neurofeedback for ADHD.

Objective: To examine cognitive effects of neurofeedback (NF) for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a secondary outcome of a randomized clinical trial.

Method: In a double-blind randomized clinical trial (NCT02251743), 133 7-10-year olds with ADHD received either 38 sessions of NF ( = 78) or control treatment ( = 55) and performed an integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test at baseline, mid- and end-treatment. We used the diffusion decision model to decompose integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test performance at each assessment into cognitive components: efficiency of integrating stimulus information (), context sensitivity (), response cautiousness (), response bias (), and nondecision time for perceptual encoding and response execution ().

Cognitive markers for efficacy of neurofeedback for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - personalized medicine using computational psychiatry in a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Exploring whether cognitive components (identified by baseline cognitive testing and computational modeling) moderate clinical outcome of neurofeedback (NF) for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Method: 142 children (aged 7-10) with ADHD were randomly assigned to either NF ( = 84) or control treatment ( = 58) in a double-blind clinical trial (NCT02251743). The NF group received live, self-controlled downtraining of electroencephalographic theta/beta ratio power.

The future of psychopharmacology: a critical appraisal of ongoing phase 2/3 trials, and of some current trends aiming to de-risk trial programmes of novel agents.

Despite considerable progress in pharmacotherapy over the past seven decades, many mental disorders remain insufficiently treated. This situation is in part due to the limited knowledge of the pathophysiology of these disorders and the lack of biological markers to stratify and individualize patient selection, but also to a still restricted number of mechanisms of action being targeted in monotherapy or combination/augmentation treatment, as well as to a variety of challenges threatening the successful development and testing of new drugs. In this paper, we first provide an overview of the most promising drugs with innovative mechanisms of action that are undergoing phase 2 or 3 testing for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, anxiety and trauma-related disorders, substance use disorders, and dementia.