Ileal Transposition in Rats Reduces Energy Intake, Body Weight, and Body Fat Most Efficaciously When Ingesting a High-Protein Diet.

Purpose: Ileal transposition (IT) allows exploration of hindgut effects of bariatric procedures in inducing weight loss and reducing adiposity. Here we investigated the role of dietary macronutrient content on IT effects in rats.

Methods: Male Lewis rats consuming one of three isocaloric liquid diets enriched with fat (HF), carbohydrates (HC), or protein (HP) underwent IT or sham surgery.

Changes in differential functional magnetic resonance signals in the rodent brain elicited by mixed-nutrient or protein-enriched meals.

Background & Aims: The hypothalamus and brain stem have important roles in regulating food intake; the roles of other nonhomeostatic centers in detecting nutrient content of ingested food have been poorly characterized. We used blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) to map brain regions that are responsive to intragastric infusion of isocaloric amounts of a mixed nutrient or protein, and assessed the role of blood glucose in the observed BOLD signal changes.

Methods: Brain images were acquired, using a 9.

Comparison of the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and ileal transposition surgeries on food intake, body weight, and circulating peptide YY concentrations in rats.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is one of the most effective treatments for obesity producing long-term weight loss. The anorexia and weight loss from RYGB could be due to gastric restriction, malabsorption, enhanced lower gut stimulation, increased energy expenditure, and/or other metabolic adaptations. In ileal transposition (IT) surgery, a segment of the ileum is transposed to the upper jejunum with no gastric restriction or malabsorption.

AM 251 produces sustained reductions in food intake and body weight that are resistant to tolerance and conditioned taste aversion.

The cannabinoid 1 (CB(1)) receptor has been implicated in the regulation of food intake. Here, we examine the effect of the CB(1) receptor antagonist AM 251 on food intake and body weight over a prolonged period. Further, we examine whether AM 251 produces conditioned taste aversion (CTA) and if sustained antagonism at central receptors contributes to its anorectic effect.

Cannabinoid (CB)1 receptor antagonist, AM 251, causes a sustained reduction of daily food intake in the rat.

Cannabinoid (CB)(1) receptors are present throughout the nervous system, including several areas implicated in the control of food intake. Central and peripheral administration of CB(1) agonists increase food intake while CB(1) receptor antagonists reduce food intake. However, in some previous studies, tolerance to the anorectic effects of CB(1) antagonists develops within days.