The pH of Drinking Water and Its Effect on the pH of Urine.

Aim: The aim was to determine whether urine pH changed or not with different pH values of drinking water. With the results obtained from animal studies, comments can be made about the effect of water with different pH levels that people drink on kidney stones.

Method: A total of 24 Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups containing eight rats each: the first group was given water with pH 5.

Independent risk factors affecting hemorrhage in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Retrospective study.

Introduction: The perioperative and postoperative concern in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) is bleeding. Disease-related conditions (such as stone size, stone HU, tract number, and diameter) affecting this situation were determined. To determine independent risk factors that may affect the amount of hemorrhage in PNL.

Age and sex do not affect first year recurrence in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Introduction: Although demographic heterogeneity in the management of patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumor (NMIBT) is an important factor, there are only minimal evidence-based recommendations that adjust for patient age and gender. The relationship and impact of age and gender on the recurrence in NBIMT is poorly investigated and understood.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of age and sex on the recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Endothelin-1 Level in Patients with Simple Renal Cyst.

Introduction: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is potent vasoconstrictive peptide and elevated ET-1 levels are associated with hypertension, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Research on (ET-1) has demonstrated that elevated ET-1 levels in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease leads to systemic hypertension. The prevalence of simple renal cysts increases with age and the association with simple renal cyst and hypertension is not clear.

Is Medical Therapy for Distal Ureteral Stones Efficient? Tamsulosin versus Deflazacort: A Prospective Randomised Trial.

Introduction: To evaluate the efficacy of tamsulosin and deflazacort in the spontaneous expulsion of distal ureteral stones when applied in an independent or combined manner.

Methods: 134 patients with distal ureteral stones (4 - 10 mm) were included in tothe study. All patients were randomized into four groups: group 1 (n = 37) patients receiving tamsulosin (0.