Clinical impact of cancer cachexia on the outcome of patients with non-small cell lung cancer with PD-L1 tumor proportion scores of ≥50% receiving pembrolizumab monotherapy versus immune checkpoint inhibitor with chemotherapy.

This retrospective, multicenter cohort study aimed to determine whether cancer cachexia serves as a biomarker for determining the most effective treatment for patients having non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with high programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) alone or combined with chemotherapy (ICI/chemotherapy). We included 411 patients with advanced NSCLC with a PD-L1 tumor proportion score of ≥50%. The patients were treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy or ICI/chemotherapy.

Prognostic Significance of Desmoplastic Reaction After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Background: Desmoplastic reaction is recognized as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. However, its significance in locally advanced rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy remains underexplored.

Objective: To assess the prognostic value of desmoplastic reaction in specimens from patients with advanced rectal cancer after chemoradiotherapy.

Comprehensive pathological evaluation of risk factors for metastasis after endoscopic resection of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal cancer is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Endoscopic resection (ER) is a curative treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Predicting risk of metastasis is crucial for post-ER management.

Characteristics of multiple esophageal squamous cell carcinomas detected in the surveillance after endoscopic resection.

Background And Study Aim: Endoscopic resection (ER) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an organ-preserving treatment; however, heterochronic carcinomas are often encountered. Most patients are treated using ER; however, for some, this is inadequate and requires additional treatment. We sought to identify the characteristics and frequency of lesions at high risk of metastasis during surveillance based on Lugol-voiding lesion (LVL) grading and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) intervals.

YAP regulates HER3 signaling-driven adaptive resistance to RET inhibitors in RET-aberrant cancer.

Purpose: Rearranged during transfection (RET) aberrations represent a targetable oncogene in several tumor types, with RET inhibitors displaying marked efficacy. However, some patients with RET-aberrant cancer are insensitive to RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Recently, drug-tolerant mechanisms have attracted attention as targets for initial therapies to overcome drug resistance.