Biogasification of biowaste and sewage sludge--measurement of biogas quality.

Biogas quality, the presence of some trace components (siloxanes, sulfur compounds, volatile organic compounds, VOCs) in biogas, is in a decisive role when determining the biogas utilization and the purification requirements and equipments. In the present work, the effects of process changes related to reactor loading variations on the concentrations of selected trace compounds in biogas were studied. Source separated biowaste and sewage sludge were co-digested in a mesophilic pilot reactor (200 L) for four months during which the organic load was stepwise increased.

Comparison of different strains of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for citric acid production from glucose hydrol.

Four commercial strains and two mutants of the yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica were screened using batch fermentation. Strain Y. lipolytica A-101-1.

Continuous itaconic acid production by immobilized biocatalysts.

The continuous itaconic acid production from sucrose with Aspergillus terreus TKK 200-5-3 mycelium immobilized on polyurethane foam cubes was optimized in column bioreactors using statistical experimental design and empirical modelling. The highest itaconic acid product concentration calculated on the basis of the obtained model was 15.8 g l-1 in the investigated experimental area, when sucrose concentration was 13.