[Demand for cleanliness of anesthesia machines and apparatus].

(1) Outer surface of anesthesia machines and patient monitors, and breathing bags are exposed to the contaminated anesthetists' hands and fingers. Disinfection by wiping surface of anesthesia machines with alcohol, and disinfecting hands and fingers with rubbing-type, alcohol-based antiseptics are encouraged. (2) Anesthesia equipments' breathing circuit part is contaminated by patients' breath and respiratory secretions.

[Anesthetic management of caesarean section in a parturient with ankylosing spondylitis complicated with severe cervical myelitis].

A 28-year-old patient with ankylosing spondylitis and cervical myelitis was scheduled for caesarean section. We selected general anesthesia because of her cervical myelitis. Her trachea was intubated using a flexible fiberscope.

[Anesthetic management for emergency cesarean section in a patient with intracranial hemorrhage due to ruptured arteriovenous malformation].

A 30 year-old pregnant woman (36 weeks) had intracranial hemorrhage due to arteriovenous malformation in the left frontal lobe. She underwent an emergency cesarean section under general anesthesia. To avoid hemodynamic changes and increasing intracranial pressure, intravenous lidocaine and inhaled sevoflurane were given prior to tracheal intubation, and a bolus dose of nicardipine was given prior to tracheal extubation.

[Tracheal intubation for emergent tracheostomy in a patient complicated with tracheal stenosis].

We report the management of anesthesia for emergent tracheostomy in a patient with severe tracheal stenosis. A 63-year-old male was scheduled for an emergency tracheostomy for severe tracheal stenosis due to the invasion of a thyroid cancer. A preoperative neck CT revealed the tracheal stenosis, extending from 1-2 cm below the vocal cord to the upper end of the sternum.