Trends in End-of-Life Hospitalizations of Nursing Home Residents Between 2011 and 2020: Analyses of German Health Insurance Data.

Objectives: To investigate trends in end-of-life hospitalizations among nursing home residents between 2011 and 2020.

Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted.

Setting And Participants: Using German claims data of the statutory health and long-term care insurance fund AOK Niedersachsen, all residents ≥65 years of age who were newly admitted to a nursing home between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2020, and became deceased in the calendar year of admission were included.

Associations between hormone therapy use and tau accumulation in brain regions vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease.

Elucidating the downstream impact of exogenous hormones on the aging brain will have far-reaching consequences for understanding why Alzheimer's disease (AD) predominates in women almost twofold over men. We tested the extent to which menopausal hormone therapy (HT) use is associated with later-life amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau accumulation using PET on  = 146 baseline clinically normal women, aged 51 to 89 years. Women were scanned over a 4.

Sex Differences in Longitudinal Tau-PET in Preclinical Alzheimer Disease: A Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Alzheimer disease (AD) predominates in females at almost twice the rate relative to males. Mounting evidence in adults without AD indicates that females exhibit higher tau deposition than age-matched males, particularly in the setting of elevated β-amyloid (Aβ), but the evidence for sex differences in tau accumulation rates is inconclusive.

Objective: To examine whether female sex is associated with faster tau accumulation in the setting of high Aβ (as measured with positron emission tomography [PET]) and the moderating influence of sex on the association between APOEε4 carrier status and tau accumulation.

Advancing real-world research in thoracic malignancies: learnings from the international I-O Optimise initiative.

In recent years, the thoracic malignancies treatment landscape has become more complex with the emergence of novel targeted and immunotherapy-based treatments. Although beneficial to patients and physicians, this fast-paced therapeutic evolution has increased the complexity of clinical decision-making and amplified the importance of real-world evidence to support data from randomized controlled trials. The international I-O Optimise initiative was established in 2016 to provide real-world insights into the thoracic malignancies treatment landscape, and has since collaborated with 14 data sources across Europe and Canada, allowing access to data from ~ 500,000 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer, and malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Non-disruptive matrix turnover is a conserved feature of biofilm aggregate growth in paradigm pathogenic species.

Unlabelled: Bacteria form multicellular aggregates called biofilms. A crucial component of these aggregates is a protective matrix that holds the community together. Biofilm matrix composition varies depending upon bacterial species but typically includes exopolysaccharides (EPS), proteins, and extracellular DNA.