Proteomic Comparison of Malignant Human Germ Cell Tumor Cell Lines.

Malignant germ cell tumors (GCT) are the most common malignant tumors in young men between 18 and 40 years. The correct identification of histological subtypes, in difficult cases supported by immunohistochemistry, is essential for therapeutic management. Furthermore, biomarkers may help to understand pathophysiological processes in these tumor types.

Primary signet-ring stromal tumour of the testis: case report with literature review.

Primary signet-ring stromal tumour of the testis (PSRSTT) is a very rare type of primary testicular tumour, which is not actually mentioned in the current WHO categorization of tumours of the male genital organs. In this case we report about histologically and immunohistochemically features of this rare tumour. In the present case, PSRTT was found in the orchiectomy preparation of a 69-year-old man with painless swelling of his left testicle.

Testosterone metabolites inhibit proliferation of castration- and therapy-resistant prostate cancer.

Novel treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) such as abiraterone acetate (AA) or enzalutamide effectively target the androgen pathway to arrest aberrant signalling and cell proliferation. Testosterone is able to inhibit tumour cell growth in CRPC. Estrogen receptor-beta (ERβ) binds the testosterone-metabolites 3β-androstanediol and 3α-androstanediol in parallel to the canonical estradiol.

Pathogenic and targetable genetic alterations in 70 urachal adenocarcinomas.

Urachal cancer (UrC) is a rare but aggressive malignancy often diagnosed in advanced stages requiring systemic treatment. Although cytotoxic chemotherapy is of limited effectiveness, prospective clinical studies can hardly be conducted. Targeted therapeutic treatment approaches and potentially immunotherapy based on a biological rationale may provide an alternative strategy.

The role of beta-catenin mutation and SOX9 expression in sex cord-stromal tumours of the testis.

The WHO classification of testis tumours includes the group of sex cord-stromal tumours. They are divided into several histological types, i.e.