Phospholipase D1 activity is crucial for cytosolic phospholipase A -dependent prostaglandin E formation in murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.

In bone, prostaglandin E (PGE) is highly osteogenic and formed by osteoblasts, a key modulatory event in the regulation of bone cell activity. MC3T3-E1 cells are widely used as an in vitro model of osteoblast function. It is still not clear which pathways contribute to the release of AA in these cells.

Identification and Characterization of the Stability of Hydrophobic Cyclolinopeptides From Flaxseed Oil.

Flaxseed (linseed) is a cultivar of the spring flowering annual plant flax () from the Linaceae family. Derivatives of this plant are widely used as food and as health products. In recent years, cyclic peptides isolated from flaxseed and flaxseed oil, better known as cyclolinopeptides (CLPs), have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their roles in the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation or their antimalarial, immunosuppressive, and antitumor activities, as well as their prospects in nanotechnology and in the biomedical sector.

Evaluation of individual and ensemble probabilistic forecasts of COVID-19 mortality in the United States.

Short-term probabilistic forecasts of the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States have served as a visible and important communication channel between the scientific modeling community and both the general public and decision-makers. Forecasting models provide specific, quantitative, and evaluable predictions that inform short-term decisions such as healthcare staffing needs, school closures, and allocation of medical supplies. Starting in April 2020, the US COVID-19 Forecast Hub (https://covid19forecasthub.

A Novel Class of Defensive Compounds in Harvestmen: Hydroxy-γ-Lactones from the Phalangiid .

When threatened, the harvestman (Opiliones: Phalangiidae) ejects a secretion against offenders. The secretion originates from large prosomal scent glands and is mainly composed of two isomers of 4-hydroxy-5-octyl-4,5-dihydro-3-furan-2-one (), a β-hydroxy-γ-lactone. The compounds were characterized by GC-MS of their microreaction derivatives, HRMS, and NMR.

Methyl-ketones in the scent glands of Opiliones: a chemical trait of cyphophthalmi retrieved in the dyspnoan .

The homologous and phylogenetically old scent glands of harvestmen-also called defensive or repugnatorial glands-represent an ideal system for a model reconstruction of the evolutionary history of exocrine secretion chemistry ("phylogenetic chemosystematics"). While the secretions of Laniatores (mainly phenols, benzoquinones), Cyphophthalmi (naphthoquinones, chloro-naphthoquinones, methyl-ketones) and some Eupnoi (naphthoquinones, ethyl-ketones) are fairly well studied, one open question refers to the still largely enigmatic scent gland chemistry of representatives of the suborder Dyspnoi and the relation of dyspnoan chemistry to the remaining suborders. We here report on the secretion of a nemastomatid Dyspnoi, which is composed of straight-chain methyl-ketones (heptan-2-one, nonan-2-one, 6-tridecen-2-one, 8-tridecen-2-one), methyl-branched methyl-ketones (5-methyl-heptan-2-one, 6-methyl-nonan-2-one), naphthoquinones (1,4-naphthoquinone, 6-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) and chloro-naphthoquinones (4-chloro-1,2-naphthoquinone, 4-chloro-6-methyl-1,2-naphthoquinone).