12″ Wafer-Scale Mass-Manufactured Metal-Insulator-Metal Reflective Metaholograms by Nanotransfer Printing.

The unique characteristics of metasurfaces to precisely control the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light within a thin, flat footprint make them a promising replacement for bulky optical components. However, fabrication methods of conventional metasurfaces have suffered from low throughput and high costs, limiting scalability and practical application. To address these challenges, an advanced fabrication technique is developed by combining deep-ultraviolet argon fluoride photolithography with wafer-scale nanotransfer printing to facilitate the scalable fabrication of metal-insulator-metal structures.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is recognized as one major, potentially modifiable risk factor for neurodegenerative disease (NDD). Autopsy studies describe a range of neuropathologies in a proportion of individuals surviving late after TBI, most frequently the tau associated pathology, chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change (CTE-NC). In addition to tau, other NDD pathologies are described.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Beta-2 microglobulin (β2m) is a component of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) playing a crucial role in the immune system on cell surface, but it can be separated from the MHC-I and exist in biological fluid independently. Numerous reports have shown that β2m is a systemic pro-aging factor impairing cognitive function, and that it is increased in the blood and CSF of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). While β2m in the body fluid has been recognized as a potential factor in AD and aging, the development of therapeutic agents, especially those directly targeting β2m using antibodies, may face challenges.

Unravelling nonclassical beam damage mechanisms in metal-organic frameworks by low-dose electron microscopy.

Recent advances in direct electron detectors and low-dose imaging techniques have opened up captivating possibilities for real-space visualization of radiation-induced structural dynamics. This has significantly contributed to our understanding of electron-beam radiation damage in materials, serving as the foundation for modern electron microscopy. In light of these developments, the exploration of more precise and specific beam damage mechanisms, along with the development of associated descriptive models, has expanded the theoretical framework of radiation damage beyond classical mechanisms.

Leveraging Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning Models to Identify Potential Palliative Care Beneficiaries: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: The current review examined the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques in palliative care, specifically focusing on models used to identify potential beneficiaries of palliative services among individuals with chronic and terminal illnesses.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted across four electronic databases. Five studies met inclusion criteria, all of which applied AI/ML models to predict outcomes relevant to palliative care, such as mortality or the need for services.