LEDGF/p75 promotes transcriptional pausing through preventing SPT5 phosphorylation.

SPT5 exhibits versatile functions in RNA Pol II promoter proximal pausing, pause release, and elongation in metazoans. However, the mechanism underlying the functional switch of SPT5 during early elongation has not been fully understood. Here, we report that the phosphorylation site-rich domain (PRD)/CTR1 and the prion-like domain (PLD)/CTR2, which are situated adjacent to each other within the C-terminal repeat (CTR) in SPT5, play pivotal roles in Pol II pausing and elongation, respectively.

Higher Relapse Rate in HBeAg-negative Patients After Cessation of Tenofovir Alafenamide Compared to Entecavir or Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate.

Objectives: There is limited information comparing the off-therapy relapse rates of patients discontinued tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) to those stopping entecavir or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF).

Methods: A total of 805 HBeAg-negative patients without cirrhosis receiving entecavir (n=406), TDF (n=260) or TAF (n=139) were enrolled. Propensity-score (PS) matching method was applied to eliminate the significant differences in clinical characteristics.

Mitochondrial segmentation and function prediction in live-cell images with deep learning.

Mitochondrial morphology and function are intrinsically linked, indicating the opportunity to predict functions by analyzing morphological features in live-cell imaging. Herein, we introduce MoDL, a deep learning algorithm for mitochondrial image segmentation and function prediction. Trained on a dataset of 20,000 manually labeled mitochondria from super-resolution (SR) images, MoDL achieves superior segmentation accuracy, enabling comprehensive morphological analysis.

Inhibiting miR-155-5p promotes proliferation of human submandibular gland epithelial cells in primary Sjogren's syndrome by negatively regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway PIK3R1.

Objectives: To investigate the mechanism mediating the regulatory effect of miR-155-5p on proliferation of human submandibular gland epithelial cells (HSGECs) in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS).

Methods: Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-155-5p and the PI3K/AKT pathway. In a HSGEC model of pSS induced by simulation with TRAIL and INF-γ, the effects of miR-155-inhibitor-NC or miR-155 inhibitor on cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis and proliferation were evaluated using CKK8 assay, flow cytometry and colony formation assay.

NIRFluor: A Deep Learning Platform for Rapid Screening of Small Molecule Near-Infrared Fluorophores with Desired Optical Properties.

Small molecule near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores play a critical role in disease diagnosis and early detection of various markers in living organisms. To accelerate their development and design, a deep learning platform, NIRFluor, was established to rapidly screen small molecule NIR fluorophores with the desired optical properties. The core component of NIRFluor is a state-of-the-art deep learning model trained on 5179 experimental big data.