Mycotoxin and microbiome profiling for aflatoxin control in the Korean traditional fermented soybean paste Doenjang.

Mycotoxin contamination is an important concern in producing traditional fermented soybean paste, though no effective control strategy has been developed. This study investigated the mycotoxin profiles of the intermediate (fermented soybean brick, known as "Meju" in South Korea) and final soybean paste products ("Doenjang") to identify major contaminants and describe microbial diversity with the mycotoxins. Profiling of 323 Meju and Doenjang samples revealed severe aflatoxin (AF) contamination.

Polynucleotide and Hyaluronic Acid Mixture for Skin Wound Dressing for Accelerated Wound Healing.

Background: Skin wound healing is a complex process requiring coordinated cellular and molecular interactions. Polynucleotides (PN) and hyaluronic acid (HA) have emerged as promising agents in regenerative medicine due to their ability to enhance cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Combining PN and HA offers potential synergistic effects, accelerating wound repair.

Assessment of Natural Occurrence and Risk of the Emerging Mycotoxin Moniliformin in South Korea.

Moniliformin (MON) is a highly polar, emerging mycotoxin with a low molecular weight. It is known to exhibit potentially harmful effects on public and animal health. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the natural occurrence of MON in various foods marketed in South Korea and to perform a risk assessment.

Consumer welfare of the state-level franchising processes for multi-channel video programming distributors.

Internet protocol television (IPTV) that telecom carriers convey has recently appeared as a competitor of cable television service in the multi-channel video programming distributor (MVPD) market. A carrier must be granted franchise for multi-channel video programs from the local government in the US, which becomes an issue for delaying service launching, hampering fair competition, and leading to inefficient resource allocation of carriers. Therefore, a state-level franchising process has been suggested as an alternative to shorten the launching period, to improve competition in the MVPD market, and as a result, to increase consumer welfare.