Ethical Dilemmas in Clinical Trials of Innovations in Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Models in Resource-Limited Neonatal Care.

Background: Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (bCPAP) has become a crucial intervention in neonatal care, particularly in resource-limited settings where access to advanced respiratory support is scarce. While bCPAP offers a cost-effective solution for neonatal respiratory distress, conducting clinical trials in these settings presents significant ethical challenges. Issues of justice, beneficence, and autonomy arise due to disparities in healthcare infrastructure, complexities surrounding informed consent, and the potential exploitation of vulnerable populations.

Effect of inulin supplementation on fecal and blood metabolome in alcohol use disorder patients: A randomised, controlled dietary intervention.

Background And Aims: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized notably by gut microbial dysbiosis and insufficient dietary fiber intake. This study aims to investigate the effect of dietary fiber placebo-controlled intervention in patients suffering from AUD during a three-week period of alcohol withdrawal, in order to discover microbial-derived metabolites that could be involved in metabolic and behavioral status.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed with 50 AUD patients supplemented with inulin (prebiotic dietary fiber) or maltodextrin (placebo) during 17 days.

Germline Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Causes Alterations in Mitochondrial Metabolism and Leads to Increased ROS-Mediated DNA Damage in a Murine Model of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

: GFI1-36N represents a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the zinc finger protein Growth Factor Independence 1 (GFI1), in which the amino acid serine (S) is replaced by asparagine (N). The presence of the gene variant is associated with a reduced DNA repair capacity favoring myeloid leukemogenesis and leads to an inferior prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. However, the underlying reasons for the reduced DNA repair capacity in leukemic cells are largely unknown.

Stable laser-acceleration of high-flux proton beams with plasma collimation.

Laser-plasma acceleration of protons offers a compact, ultra-fast alternative to conventional acceleration techniques, and is being widely pursued for potential applications in medicine, industry and fundamental science. Creating a stable, collimated beam of protons at high repetition rates presents a key challenge. Here, we demonstrate the generation of multi-MeV proton beams from a fast-replenishing ambient-temperature liquid sheet.

Orthotopic heart transplantation in patient with Williams syndrome: case report and considerations in perioperative and long-term management.

This report describes the first long-term survival following a heart transplant for Williams syndrome-associated cardiac pathologies. An 11-year-old patient with severe global left ventricular dysfunction presented with heart failure and underwent heart transplantation. Her peri- and post-operative courses were complicated by hypertension related to underlying vascular pathology.