Evaluation of effectiveness of bacteriophage purification methods.

The use of bacteriophages for therapy has increased over the last decade. While there is need for clear regulatory pathways for bacteriophage approval for mainstream use in clinical practice, practitioners and patients have been able to access bacteriophage therapy under compassionate grounds and through magistral preparations. However, there is currently no standard for purifying these bacteriophages to ensure safety, and good manufacturing practice certification may not be achieved in these emergency uses.

The incidence of donor white blood cell survival (transfusion-associated microchimerism) in Australian pediatric patients.

Introduction: Donor leucocyte survival following red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, known as transfusion-associated microchimerism (TAM), can occur in some patients. In Australia, despite the introduction of leucocyte filtration (leucodepletion) during RBC manufacture, TAM has been detected in adult trauma patients. However, the incidence of TAM in Australian pediatric patients has not been analyzed.

Moonlighting Crypto-Enzymes and Domains as Ancient and Versatile Signaling Devices.

Increasing numbers of reports have revealed novel catalytically active cryptic guanylate cyclases (GCs) and adenylate cyclases (ACs) operating within complex proteins in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here we review the structural and functional aspects of some of these cyclases and provide examples that illustrate their roles in the regulation of the intramolecular functions of complex proteins, such as the phytosulfokine receptor (PSKR), and reassess their contribution to signal generation and tuning. Another multidomain protein, K uptake permease (AtKUP5), also harbors multiple catalytically active sites including an N-terminal AC and C-terminal phosphodiesterase (PDE) with an abscisic acid-binding site.

Functional Validation of Endogenous Redox Partner Reveals the Key P450s /- as Broad Substrate Metabolizers Conferring Cross-Resistance to Different Insecticide Classes in .

The versatility of cytochrome P450 reductase () in transferring electrons to P450s from other closely related species has been extensively exploited, e.g., by using (), as a homologous surrogate, to validate the role of P450s in insecticide resistance.

Association of a rapidly selected 4.3kb transposon-containing structural variation with a P450-based resistance to pyrethroids in the African malaria vector Anopheles funestus.

Deciphering the evolutionary forces controlling insecticide resistance in malaria vectors remains a prerequisite to designing molecular tools to detect and assess resistance impact on control tools. Here, we demonstrate that a 4.3kb transposon-containing structural variation is associated with pyrethroid resistance in central/eastern African populations of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus.