Community social capital and all-cause mortality in Japan: Findings from the Adachi Cohort Study.

Background: Community social capital is associated with various health outcomes; however, its impact on mortality is not fully understood, particularly in non-Western settings. This study examined the association between community-level social capital and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older Japanese adults.

Methods: The baseline data were obtained from a 2015 questionnaire survey for all 132,005 residents aged ≥65 years without long-term care insurance certification in Adachi Ward (consisting of 262 small districts) of the Tokyo metropolitan area.

Association of personality and social support with subjective well-being among Japanese older adults.

Aim: Although the association between personality and health has been well documented, the interaction between personality and health risk factors is understudied. This study examined (i) the relationship between the Big Five model of personality and subjective well-being and (ii) the buffering effect of social support on the relationship between personality and subjective well-being among Japanese older adults.

Methods: The participants were 1265 adults aged 65-84 (499 men, 766 women).

Clinical significance of NOTCH1 and FBXW7 alterations in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Here, we investigated the clinical significance of NOTCH1 and FBXW7 alterations for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) treatment outcomes. NOTCH1 alterations were identified in 37 (14.4%) of 257 patients, of which 33 were single nucleotide variants/insertion-deletions in the PEST domain, and 7 were in the heterodimerization or LIN-12/Notch repeats domains.

The landscape of 142 Epstein-Barr viral whole genomes in gastric cancer.

Background: A substantial portion of gastric cancer (GC) is linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The characteristics of this viral genome, such as specific viral strains and large structural variations, influence the progression of diseases like nasopharyngeal carcinoma and hematological malignancy. However, the EBV genomes from GC have not been thoroughly characterized.

Sub-threshold neuronal activity and the dynamical regime of cerebral cortex.

Cortical neurons exhibit temporally irregular spiking patterns and heterogeneous firing rates. These features arise in model circuits operating in a 'fluctuation-driven regime', in which fluctuations in membrane potentials emerge from the network dynamics. However, it is still debated whether the cortex operates in such a regime.