Identifying characteristics of children requiring sedation for urodynamics.

The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of children requiring sedation for urodynamics. Findings suggest children between the ages of 3 and 7 are more likely to require sedation for urodynamics when compared to other age groups.

Results of a vesicoureteral reflux practice pattern survey among American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Pediatric Urology members.

Purpose: We evaluated practice patterns among urologists managing vesicoureteral reflux, and identified areas of consensus and controversy requiring further research.

Materials And Methods: A 1-page questionnaire addressing various aspects of reflux management, including screening, diagnosis, treatment and followup, was mailed to a cohort of 225 practicing urologists identified by the membership roster of the American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Pediatric Urology. Coded returned mailers were blindly analyzed and tabulated by 2 reviewers.

Postoperative pain following outpatient pediatric urologic surgery: a comparison of anesthetic techniques.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of caudal and local nerve blocks in preventing pain following outpatient pediatric urologic surgery.

Methods: Seventy-seven boys undergoing outpatient urologic surgery were randomized into one of three groups: general anesthesia alone, general anesthesia and caudal nerve block, or general anesthesia and local nerve block. Pain scores, frequency of medication, and total dosage of medication were recorded in the immediate postoperative period.

Histological distribution of polymerase chain reaction--amplified human papillomavirus 6 and 11 DNA in penile lesions.

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the histological pattern of distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) 6 and 11 DNA in penile lesions by in situ hybridization after amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HPV DNA was routinely detected by in situ hybridization with or without PCR amplification in granular layer cells that showed perinuclear halos and nuclear atypia. Cells that lack these histological features rarely exhibited HPV DNA with conventional in situ hybridization.