Publications by authors named "H Hickman"
Article Synopsis
- - The oral mucosa has unique antiviral properties influenced by physical characteristics and immune cells, but much about its antiviral response is still not fully understood
- - Several viruses, like herpesviruses and HPV, are known to infect the oral cavity, and recent outbreaks (e.g., SARS-CoV-2) have shown oral symptoms, indicating the oral cavity's role in viral transmission
- - This Review explores antiviral responses in the oral cavity, discusses common viral infections affecting it, and examines current mouse models used for researching oral viral infections
Flavivirus assembly at the endoplasmic reticulum is driven by the structural proteins envelope (E) and premembrane (prM). Here, contrary to the established paradigm for flavivirus assembly, we demonstrate that the biogenesis of flavivirus particles does not require an intact prM nor proteolytic activation. The expression of E preceded by a truncated version of prM (M-E) was sufficient for the formation of non-infectious Zika virus subviral particles and pseudo-infectious reporter virions.
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- SARS-CoV-2 not only infects the respiratory system but also causes gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, leading researchers to study its GI effects in both rhesus macaques and humans.
- In macaques, infection resulted in viral RNA found in both the respiratory tract and stool, along with decreased levels of certain immune cells in the intestine, suggesting immune disturbance.
- The study highlighted the translocation of bacteria across the gut barrier during infection and noted that humans recovering from COVID-19 showed decreases in inflammatory markers, indicating a resolution of inflammation linked to GI issues.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how inflammatory responses affect pulmonary disease during SARS-CoV-2 infection, specifically using the rhesus macaque model of mild COVID-19.
- It highlights the contrasting roles of the cytokines IFNγ and IL-10, where IFNγ contributes to lung lesions but isn't necessary for viral replication suppression, while IL-10 reduces inflammation and aids in T cell memory without hindering viral clearance.
- The research reveals that IL-10 plays a key role in fostering airway memory T cells, indicating its importance in the immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The skin is a complex tissue that provides a strong physical barrier against invading pathogens. Despite this, many viruses can access the skin and successfully replicate in either the epidermal keratinocytes or dermal immune cells. In this review, we provide an overview of the antiviral T cell biology responding to cutaneous viral infections and how these responses differ depending on the cellular targets of infection.
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