[The visual pathways, from anatomical MRI to physiological with (f)MRI and tractography with diffusion tensor MRI (DTMRI)].

Advances in MRI technology have led to a better knowledge of visual pathways (1984-2004), with a new descriptive anatomy and functional model. The authors first describe the technical development of MRI over the last thirty years, then describe and illustrate the new descriptive anatomy. Cephalic MRI reveals brain structures that were previously invisible, on different encephalic planes, in the optic pathways, horizontally from the cornea to the calcarin fissure (neuro-ocular plane (NOP), oblique trans-hemispheric neuro-ocular (OTNOP) and neuro-opto-tractal planes (NOTP)), in their orthogonal orientation upon the oculomotor pathways: head and axonal optic nerve pack (visual deutoneurons in their meninges), optic tracts, lateral geniculate bodies, optic radiations and the calcarian fissure.

[Optic nerve sheath decompression in optic neuropathy complicating idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a new focus].

Optic nerve sheath decompression is a surgical procedure only used in optic neuropathy complicating idiopathic intracranial hypertension. We describe this technique and compare it with the classic technique of cerebrospinal liquid derivation. Several points contrast optic nerve sheath decompression and cerebrospinal fluid derivation: there is no biomaterial, it is limited to the orbital area, and intracranial pressure remains unchanged.

[Molteno implant and refractory glaucoma. Evaluation of postoperative IOP control and complications with a modified surgical procedure].

Background: Management of refractory glaucoma is difficult because classic medical and surgical treatments are ineffective in controlling highly elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Drainage implants are an alternative to cyclodestructive procedures in refractory glaucoma. The double-plate Molteno implant, a tube linked to two polypropylene plates, allows aqueous humor drainage from the anterior chamber towards the posterior subconjunctival spaces.

[Acute ischemic optical neuropathy which became bilateral in 3 days in Horton disease].

We report a case of a 71-year-old man with sequential visual loss within 3 days due to giant cell arteritis confirmed by a temporal artery biopsy. The anterior ischemic optic neuropathy was associated with cilioretinal artery occlusion on the right eye. He improved after intravenous corticosteroid therapy.

[Prognostic outcome of leaking filtering blebs reconstruction with rotational conjunctival flaps].

Purpose: Late bleb leaks may follow months to years after filtering surgery especially with the use of antimetabolites. Complications related to beb leaks may lead to a decrease in visual acuity through complicated hypotony or ocular infection. Our retrospective study reports the anatomical and functional results of bleb reconstruction involving the resection of the bleb associated with the covering of the trabeculectomy site with a rotational conjunctival flap.