Association of corneal endothelial cell morphology with neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Introduction: Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) detects neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia and identifies subjects with MCI who develop dementia. This study assessed whether abnormalities in corneal endothelial cell (CEC) morphology are related to corneal nerve morphology, brain volumetry, cerebral ischemia, and cognitive impairment in MCI and dementia.

Methods: Participants with no cognitive impairment (NCI), MCI, and dementia underwent CCM to quantify corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) and area (CECA), corneal nerve fiber morphology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain volumetry, and severity of brain ischemia.

Earlier diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in primary care in Latin America using a simple screening tool (ACT).

Peripheral Neuropathy (PN) can significantly impair quality of life, but often remains undiagnosed due to limited clinic time, lack of specialist expertise and lack of patient awareness. There are several validated questionnaires for diagnosing PN, but the time taken to administer them in busy primary care clinics limits their utilization. A new, simpler questionnaire was developed following an advisory board meeting in Southeast Asia and was further refined and translated to Portuguese and Spanish following a second advisory board meeting in Latin America.

A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) level among risk factors of ocular involvement in patients with Behçet's disease.

Introduction: Ocular involvement is quite common in Behçet's disease (BD) and may cause crucial functional complications. Even though the mechanisms of BD remain unclear, advances in genetic and immunological fields have improved our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of BD ocular involvement. Little is known about the expression of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) in terms of ocular involvement in BD.

Corneal Confocal Microscopy Identifies and Differentiates Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Epilepsy.

Purpose: To assess whether corneal nerve analysis can identify and differentiate patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) from those with epilepsy.

Methods: Participants with MS (n = 83), participants with epilepsy (n = 50), and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 20) underwent corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) and quantification of automated corneal nerve fiber length (ACNFL), automated corneal nerve fractal dimension (ACNFrD), and ACNFrD/ACNFL ratio of the subbasal nerve plexus.

Results: ACNFL (MS: P < 0.

Retention rate of giomer S-PRG filler containing pit and fissure sealant applied with or without etching: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Pit and fissure sealant is a micro-invasive modality for treating deep and retentive pits and fissures to prevent and/or stop occlusal caries. Every effort needs to be done to enhance sealant retention and survival. The aim of this research is to assess the retention rate of giomer S-PRG filler containing pit and fissure sealant applied with or without etching.