Today we know that both the humoral and the cellular arm of the immune system are engaged in severe immunological challenges. A close interaction between B and T cells can be observed in most "natural" challenges, including infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases. The importance and power of humoral immunity are impressively demonstrated by the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDtsch Med Wochenschr
October 2020
History: A 60 years old woman experienced a cat scratch 34 months ago on the left eyelid. Chronic, progredient skin lesions and headache developed. Treatments with cortisone, pimecrolimus, pregabalin and metamizole were not successful.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is an important cause of kidney allograft injury. In the last two decades, detection of complement split product C4d along transplant capillaries, a footprint of antibody-mediated classical complement activation, has evolved as a useful diagnostic marker of ABMR. While it was recognized that ABMR may occur also in the absence of C4d, numerous studies have shown that C4d deposition may indicate a more severe rejection phenotype associated with poor graft survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), an acyclic nucleotide analogue was shown to be effective in many HBV-infected patients with resistance to adefovir dipivoxil (ADV). This observation is intriguing because in vitro studies show that HBV mutations selected by ADV confer cross-resistance to TDF. To assess the clinical relevance of this cross-resistance, we studied the evolution of HBV polymerase gene variants in patients with genotypic resistance against ADV (rtN236T and/or rtA181V/T) during TDF treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF