Standalone single- and bi-layered human skin 3D models supported by recombinant silk feature native spatial organization.

Physiologically relevant human skin models that include key skin cell types can be used fordrug testing, skin pathology studies, or clinical applications such as skin grafts. However, there is still no golden standard for such a model. We investigated the potential of a recombinant functionalized spider silk protein, FN-silk, for the construction of a dermal, an epidermal, and a bilayered skin equivalent (BSE).

Carotid body tumor in a nine-year-old patient.

Carotid body tumors are rarely encountered pathologies in the pediatric age group but still exist in the differential diagnosis of cervical painless masses. Genetic and familial background should be studied in addition to contrast imaging studies. Complete subadventitial resection, with or without prior embolization, which is still controversial, is the mainstay of therapy.

Surgical vs ultrasound-guided lumbar erector spinae plane block for pain management following lumbar spinal fusion surgery.

Purpose: Spinal surgery is associated with severe diffuse pain in the postoperative period. Effective pain management plays an essential role in reducing morbidity and mortality. This study is designed to compare the ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane (ESP) block and surgical infiltrative ESP block for postoperative analgesia management after lumbar spinal fusion surgery.