An Integrated theory of false insights and beliefs under psychedelics.

Psychedelics are recognised for their potential to re-orient beliefs. We propose a model of how psychedelics can, in some cases, lead to false insights and thus false beliefs. We first review experimental work on laboratory-based false insights and false memories.

Boris Gruber's contributions to mathematical crystallography.

Boris Gruber made fundamental contributions to the study of crystal lattices, leading to a finer classification of lattice types than those of Paul Niggli and Boris Delaunay before him.

The illusion of insight: detailed warnings reduce but do not prevent false "Aha!" moments.

False "Aha!" moments can be elicited experimentally using the False Insight Anagram Task (FIAT), which combines semantic priming and visual similarity manipulations to lead participants into having "Aha!" moments for incorrect anagram solutions. In a preregistered experiment ( = 255), we tested whether warning participants and explaining to them exactly how they were being deceived, would reduce their susceptibility to false insights. We found that simple warnings did not reduce the incidence of false insights.

Thinking style and psychosis proneness do not predict false insights.

The FIAT paradigm (Grimmer et al., 2021) is a novel method of eliciting 'Aha' moments for incorrect solutions to anagrams in the laboratory, i.e.

Eliciting false insights with semantic priming.

The insight experience (or 'Aha moment') generally evokes strong feelings of certainty and confidence. An 'Aha' experience for a false idea could underlie many false beliefs and delusions. However, for as long as insight experiences have been studied, false insights have remained difficult to elicit experimentally.