Inter- and intra-breed genome-wide copy number diversity in a large cohort of European equine breeds.

Background: Copy Number Variation (CNV) is a common form of genetic variation underlying animal evolution and phenotypic diversity across a wide range of species. In the mammalian genome, high frequency of CNV differentiation between breeds may be candidates for population-specific selection. However, CNV differentiation, selection and its population genetics have been poorly explored in horses.

Primary glioblastoma cells for precision medicine: a quantitative portrait of genomic (in)stability during the first 30 passages.

Background: Primary glioblastoma cell (GC) cultures have emerged as a key model in brain tumor research, with the potential to uncover patient-specific differences in therapy response. However, there is limited quantitative information about the stability of such cells during the initial 20-30 passages of culture.

Methods: We interrogated 3 patient-derived GC cultures at dense time intervals during the first 30 passages of culture.

Gene expression profiles in preterm infants on continuous long‑term oxygen therapy suggest reduced oxidative stress‑dependent signaling during hypoxia.

Preterm infants are susceptible to neonatal inflammatory/infective diseases requiring drug therapy. The present study hypothesized that mRNA expression in the blood may be modulated by signaling pathways during treatment. The current study aimed to explore changes in global gene expression in the blood from preterm infants with the objective of identifying patterns or pathways of potential relevance to drug therapy.

Microsatellite instability and mutations in BRAF and KRAS are significant predictors of disseminated disease in colon cancer.

Background: Molecular alterations are well studied in colon cancer, however there is still need for an improved understanding of their prognostic impact. This study aims to characterize colon cancer with regard to KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA mutations, microsatellite instability (MSI), and average DNA copy number, in connection with tumour dissemination and recurrence in patients with colon cancer.

Methods: Disease stage II-IV colon cancer patients (n = 121) were selected.

Intratumoral genome diversity parallels progression and predicts outcome in pediatric cancer.

Genetic differences among neoplastic cells within the same tumour have been proposed to drive cancer progression and treatment failure. Whether data on intratumoral diversity can be used to predict clinical outcome remains unclear. We here address this issue by quantifying genetic intratumoral diversity in a set of chemotherapy-treated childhood tumours.