Barriers and facilitators for GPs in dementia advance care planning: A systematic integrative review.

Background: Due to the disease's progressive nature, advance care planning (ACP) is recommended for people with early stage dementia. General practitioners (GPs) should initiate ACP because of their longstanding relationships with their patients and their early involvement with the disease, however ACP is seldom applied.

Aim: To determine the barriers and facilitators faced by GPs related to ACP with people with dementia.

Recombinant Newcastle disease viruses with targets for PCR diagnostics for rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants.

Since February 1 2011, rinderpest (RP) has been officially declared eradicated worldwide. National authorities have been requested to destroy all their RP related materials. Nonetheless, their national reference laboratories performing real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays (PCR diagnostics) need RP positive control samples, since some countries still prefer to maintain diagnostic capability for RP for several reasons.

Bluetongue virus with mutated genome segment 10 to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals: a genetic DIVA approach.

Bluetongue virus (BTV) includes 24 serotypes and recently even more serotypes are proposed. Mass vaccination campaigns highlight the need for differential diagnostics in vaccinated populations. Bluetongue disease is routinely diagnosed by serological and virological tests by which differentiation infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA principle) is not possible.

Dimerization of glycoprotein E(rns) of classical swine fever virus is not essential for viral replication and infection.

The pestivirus glycoprotein E(rns), a ribonuclease, is expressed on the surface of virions and in infected cells as a disulfide-linked homodimer. E(rns) is involved in the infection process and its RNase activity is probably involved in viral replication and pathogenesis. The most C-terminal cysteine residue forms an intermolecular disulfide bond with another E(rns) monomer, resulting in an E(rns) dimer.

Determinants of virulence of classical swine fever virus strain Brescia.

Two related classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strain Brescia clones were isolated from blood samples from an infected pig. Virus C1.1.