[Prevention of road accidents involving non-motorized traffic participants (pedestrians and cyclists) in Germany].

During a 1-day workshop organized by the German Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (DGOU) 15 German accident researchers used different approaches to improve the effectiveness of accident prevention for pedestrians and bicyclists on German roads. The main results of this analysis show: Fatal injuries of pedestrians have been significantly reduced by 82% between 1970 (n=6.056) and 2007 (n=695).

Prospective, randomised, double blind trial of prophylaxis with single dose of co-amoxiclav before percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of antibacterial prophylaxis in preventing infectious complications after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Design: Prospective, randomised, placebo controlled, double blind, multicentre study.

Setting: Departments of internal medicine at six German hospitals.

Interleukins and their antagonists but not TNF and its receptors are released in post-ERP pancreatitis.

Objective: Usually it is not possible to study the initial systemic response in patients with acute pancreatitis in the first hours after onset of the disease. We used postendoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) pancreatitis as a model to study cytokine and anticytokine release in the early phase of human acute pancreatitis.

Methods: Post-ERP pancreatitis was defined as a threefold increase in serum amylase and at least two of the following clinical symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting or peritonism 24 h after ERP.

Effect of programmed endoscopic follow-up examinations on the rebleeding rate of gastric or duodenal peptic ulcers treated by injection therapy: a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background And Study Aims: A second-look endoscopy is often performed to evaluate the efficacy of a prior injection therapy in patients with bleeding peptic gastric or duodenal ulcers. Although this strategy is widely established, it does not rely on unequivocal data from controlled studies. In a prospective, randomized, controlled multicenter trial we assessed the effect of programmed endoscopic follow-up examinations with eventual retreatment on the outcome of bleeding ulcers in these patients.

[Time requirements of medical and non-medical personnel for ultrasound studies].

To assess the time needed for ultrasound examinations for physicians and assistants we carried out a survey among members of the German Association of Ultrasound in Medicine (DEGUM) in hospitals and practices. The physician's examination time for the investigation of the upper abdomen and kidneys was 12.3 min with additional time for preparation (2.