Environmental Changes Recorded in Sedimentary Rocks in the Clay-Sulfate Transition Region in Gale Crater, Mars: Results From the Sample Analysis at Mars-Evolved Gas Analysis Instrument Onboard the Mars Science Laboratory Rover.

The rover explored the region between the orbitally defined phyllosilicate-bearing Glen Torridon trough and the overlying layered sulfate-bearing unit, called the "clay-sulfate transition region." Samples were drilled from the top of the fluviolacustrine Glasgow member of the Carolyn Shoemaker formation (CSf) to the eolian Contigo member of the Mirador formation (MIf) to assess in situ mineralogical changes with stratigraphic position. The Sample Analysis at Mars-Evolved Gas Analysis (SAM-EGA) instrument analyzed drilled samples within this region to constrain their volatile chemistry and mineralogy.

Oxadiazolone-Based Aromatic Annulations: A Nitrenoid Precursor for Tricyclic Aminoheterocycles.

Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are present in most approved drugs, reflecting the significance of their synthetic strategies. By utilizing oxadiazolone as a nitrenoid (nitrene-like) precursor, we have developed a general strategy for the annulation with nucleophilic heterocycles to access various polycyclic aminoheterocycles. We have discovered that 2-pyrryl-substituted substrates undergo a rearrangement, which indicates a spirocyclization-migration pathway.

Highly enriched carbon and oxygen isotopes in carbonate-derived CO at Gale crater, Mars.

Carbonate minerals are of particular interest in paleoenvironmental research as they are an integral part of the carbon and water cycles, both of which are relevant to habitability. Given that these cycles are less constrained on Mars than they are on Earth, the identification of carbonates has been a point of emphasis for rover missions. Here, we present carbon (δC) and oxygen (δO) isotope data from four carbonates encountered by the Curiosity rover within the Gale crater.

Unbiased screening identifies regulators of cell-cell adhesion and treatment options in pemphigus.

Cell-cell junctions, and specifically desmosomes, are crucial for robust intercellular adhesion. Desmosomal function is compromised in the autoimmune blistering skin disease pemphigus vulgaris. We combine whole-genome knockout screening and a promotor screen of the desmosomal gene desmoglein 3 in human keratinocytes to identify novel regulators of intercellular adhesion.

Groundwater quality evaluation of the weathering mantle in crystalline basement aquifer system, southern Brazil.

Groundwater is the main source of water for more than 2 billion people worldwide. In southern Brazil, the Crystalline Basement Aquifer System is composed of strategic groundwater reservoirs. Groundwater is mostly taken from shallow wells, and it is often used without any treatment, which poses a risk to public health.