Hierarchical chirality observed from chiral supramolecular assembling of racemic and enantiopure helicene derivatives on silica nanohelix surfaces.

Cast films of racemic helicene derivatives adsorbed onto the surface of nanometric silica helices with controlled handedness exhibited distinct CD signals, whereas no CD signal was observed in the absence of silica nanohelices. These CD signals originate from the helical supramolecular assemblies formed by the racemic mixture of helicenes, with no evidence of enantiospecific adsorption. Interestingly, when enantiomerically pure forms of these helicenes were drop-cast onto the silica helices, different CD spectra were observed depending on the combination of the helicenes' handedness with that of the silica nanohelices.

Potent and Selective Human 5-HT Serotonin Receptor Antagonists: 4'-Cyano-(N)-methanocarba-adenosines by Synthetic Serendipity.

Rigidified nucleoside derivatives with (N)-methanocarba replacement of ribose have been repurposed as peripheral subtype-selective 5-HT serotonin receptor antagonists for heart and lung fibrosis and intestinal/vascular conditions. 4'-Cyano derivative (MRS8209; , 4.27 nM) was 47-fold (human binding, but not rat and mouse) and 724-fold (functionally) selective at 5-HTR, compared to antitarget 5-HTR, and predicted to form a stable receptor complex using docking and molecular dynamics.

HBV shows different levels of adaptation to HLA class I-associated selection pressure correlating with markers of replication.

Background & Aims: Immune responses by CD8 T cells are essential for control of HBV replication. Although selection of escape mutations in CD8 T-cell epitopes has been previously described in HBV infection, its overall influence on HBV sequence diversity and correlation with markers of HBV replication remain unclear.

Methods: Whole-genome sequencing was applied to HBV isolates from 532 patients with chronic HBV infection and high-resolution HLA class I genotyping.

Association between Chronic Hepatitis B/C and Incidence of Osteoporosis and Bone Fractures: Results from a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Osteoporosis and bone fractures affect health and quality of life. Since bone disease is multifactorial, identifying risk factors is key in prevention. There are multiple reports on how viral hepatitis, especially chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC), are affecting bone disease, but results vary.

Soil animal communities demonstrate simplification without homogenization along an urban gradient.

Urbanization profoundly impacts biodiversity and ecosystem function, exerting an immense ecological filter on the flora and fauna that inhabit it, oftentimes leading to simplistic and homogenous ecological communities. However, the response of soil animal communities to urbanization remains underexplored, and it is unknown whether their response to urbanization is like that of aboveground organisms. This study investigated the influence of urbanization on soil animal communities in 40 public parks along an urbanization gradient.