Pit and fissure sealants for preventing dental decay in permanent teeth.

Background: Dental sealants were introduced in the 1960s to help prevent dental caries, mainly in the pits and fissures of occlusal tooth surfaces. Sealants act to prevent bacteria growth that can lead to dental decay. Evidence suggests that fissure sealants are effective in preventing caries in children and adolescents compared to no sealants.

Pit and fissure sealants versus fluoride varnishes for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth of children and adolescents.

Background: Most of the detected increment in dental caries among children and adolescents is confined to occlusal surfaces of posterior permanent molars. Dental sealants and fluoride varnishes are much used preventive options for caries. Although the effectiveness of sealants and fluoride varnishes for controlling caries as compared with no intervention has been demonstrated in clinical trials and summarised in systematic reviews, the relative effectiveness of these two interventions remains unclear.

Assessment of removed dental implants in Finland from 1994 to 2012.

Purpose: The National Institute for Health and Welfare in Finland (THL) has maintained the Finnish Dental Implant Register since April 1994. The aim of this study was to use the Dental Implant Register to assess the influence of patient characteristics and background factors on dental implant removals in Finland from 1994 to 2012.

Materials And Methods: THL granted permission to access the Finnish Dental lmplant Register (1994 to 2012) and assess the following factors: total implant placements, total implant removals, time from implant placement to removal, implant types, implant lengths, placed and failed implants by jaw and tooth type, and patient sex and age.

Sealants for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth.

Background: Dental sealants were introduced in the 1960s to help prevent dental caries in the pits and fissures of mainly the occlusal tooth surfaces. Sealants act to prevent the growth of bacteria that can lead to dental decay. There is evidence to suggest that fissure sealants are effective in preventing caries in children and adolescents when compared to no sealants.

Low levels of relatedness on black grouse leks despite male philopatry.

In lekking species, males cluster on specific areas for display (the leks) and females generally prefer to copulate with males on large aggregations. The maintenance of leks in which only a few males reproduce might be explained if subordinate males gain indirect fitness benefits. By joining a lek on which relatives are displaying, subordinates might attract more females to the lek thereby increasing the mating opportunities of their kin.