Physiological alterations and genotoxic damage under combined aluminum and cadmium treatments in Bryophyllum daigremontianum clones.

Background: Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most important stress factors in plants, with its high mobility in soils, ease of uptake by plants and toxicity at low concentrations. Aluminum (Al) is another phytotoxic metal, the accumulation of which is a crucial agricultural complication for plants, especially in acidic soils.

Methods And Results: In this study, Bryophyllum daigremontianum clone plantlets were obtained from bulbiferous spurs of a mother plant and separated into four different groups and watered with Hoagland solution and mixtures containing 0, 50, 100, and 200 µM of AlCl and CdCl each for 75 days.

Effect of dilutional anemia that can be treated with only one unit of red blood cell transfusion on tissue oxygenation in cardiac surgery patients.

Background/aim: Cardiac surgery, especially in the presence of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), is associated with an inflammatory reaction that may promote microcirculatory alterations, in addition to the general impact on system hemodynamics. Anemia and transfusion make patients more susceptible to the deleterious effects of CPB. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of dilutional anemia, which is caused by CPB and can be treated with 1–2 units of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, on global tissue oxygenation parameters in cardiac surgery patients.

Which type of conditioning method protects the spinal cord from the ischemia-reperfusion injury in 24 hours?

Objective: This study was designed to test the effects of different types of preconditioning and postconditioning methods on spinal cord protection following aortic clamping.

Methods: The animals (rabbits) were divided into sham-operated, ischemic preconditioning, remote ischemic preconditioning, simultaneous aortic and ischemic remote preconditioning, and ischemic postconditioning groups. After neurological evaluations, ultrastructural analysis and immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3 were evaluated after 24 h following ischemia.

Natural history of prenatal isolated muscular ventricular septal defects.

Objective: To evaluate the natural history of isolated muscular ventricular septal (m-VSD) defects during gestation and up to 1 year postnatally, as well as the association with chromosomal anomalies.

Material And Methods: Between August 2007 and July 2012, 76 fetuses with isolated m-VSDs represented the study population. The following variables were evaluated: site and size of the m-VSDs, presence of chromosomal anomalies, pregnancy outcome, and spontaneous closure rate from diagnosis up to 1 year postnatally.