Silicon photonic convolution operator exploiting on-chip nonlinear activation function.

Nonlinear activation functions (NAFs) are essential in artificial neural networks, enhancing learning capabilities by capturing complex input-output relationships. However, most NAF implementations rely on additional optoelectronic devices or digital computers, reducing the benefits of optical computing. To address this, we propose what we believe to be the first implementation of a nonlinear modulation process using an electro-optic IQ modulator on a silicon photonic convolution operator chip as a novel NAF.

Icariin mediates autophagy and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells induced by the β-catenin signaling pathway through lncRNA LOXL1-AS1.

To investigate the effect of icariin (ICA) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its autophagy/apoptosis mechanism in HCC. The anti-HCC mechanism of ICA was investigated using HCC cells treated with 20 µmol/L ICA. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using CCK-8 and colony formation assays, respectively, while TUNEL staining evaluated anti-apoptotic effects.

Schisandrol B alleviates depression-like behavior in mice by regulating bile acid homeostasis in the brain-liver-gut axis via the pregnane X receptor.

Background: Depression is a widely recognized neuropsychiatric disorder. Recent studies have shown a potential correlation between bile acid disorders and depression, highlighting the importance of maintaining bile acid balance for effective antidepressant treatment. Schisandrol B (SolB), a primary bioactive compound from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.

Rapid-release and user-friendly costunolide/dehydrocostuslactone hydrophilic nanofibers: Therapeutic effects on acute gastric ulcers.

Gastric ulcers often cause postprandial epigastric pain, especially in acute cases. Abnormal motility, with about 50 % of patients having delayed gastric emptying, contributes to ulcer development. Costunolide (COS) and dehydrocostuslactone (DEH), derived from "Mu xiang" herbs, show potential in treating ulcers and regulating gastrointestinal motility.