Exploring adolescent and parent perspectives on facilitating health self-management in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: As many as 95% of individuals across the lifespan with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have at least one comorbidity. While research focused only on the health of autistic adolescents is limited, we do know that fewer than 14% of these youth receive appropriate transition services to self-manage their health. These limitations have resulted in poor outcomes and premature mortality.

Investigating the Immunomodulatory Impact of Fecal Bacterial Membrane Vesicles and Their IgA Coating Patterns in Crohn's Disease Patients.

The human intestinal tract contains trillions of bacteria that coexist in a symbiotic relationship with human cells. Imbalances in this interaction can lead to disorders such as Crohn's disease (CD). Bacteria membrane vesicles (MVs), which are released by almost all bacteria, have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in bacteria-host interactions.

Neural Markers of Treatment Response in Pediatric Anxiety and PTSD.

Pediatric anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with elevated threat sensitivity and impaired emotion regulation, accompanied by dysfunction in the neural circuits involved in these processes. Despite established treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, many children do not achieve remission, underscoring the importance of understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of these disorders. This review synthesizes current research on the neural predictors of treatment response and the neurofunctional changes associated with treatment in pediatric anxiety and PTSD during threat and reward processing.

Disruption of the Physical Interaction Between Carbonic Anhydrase IX and the Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 Impacts Lactate Transport in Breast Cancer Cells.

It has been previously established that breast cancer cells exhibit high expression of the monocarboxylate (lactate) transporters (MCT1 and/or MCT4) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and form a functional metabolon for proton-coupled lactate export, thereby stabilizing intracellular pH. CD147 is the MCT accessory protein that facilitates the creation of the MCT/CAIX complex. This study describes how the small molecule Beta-Galactose 2C (BGal2C) blocks the physical and functional interaction between CAIX and either MCT1 or MCT4 in Xenopus oocytes, which reduces the rate of proton and lactate flux with an IC of ~90 nM.

Role of oxytocin and vasopressin in alcohol use disorder.

Published works highlight the role of neuropeptides in both the development and treatment of AUD. Closely related hypothalamic neuropeptides, oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP), initially recognized for their physiological hormone effects, are increasingly acknowledged for their behavioral influences. Studies consistently demonstrate that OT and VP impact alcohol consumption and related behaviors, implicating them in the neurobiology of addiction.