The efficacy of oral vs different dilutions of intradermal tranexamic acid microinjections in melasma-A randomized clinical trial.

Melasma is a common acquired disorder of pigmentation, remains challenging despite numerous treatment modalities. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has emerged as a potential treatment for melasma. Different forms of TXA (oral, topical, and intradermal microinjections) have shown promising results.

Does vitamin D deficiency predispose to keloids via dysregulation of koebnerisin (S100A15)? A case-control study.

Keloids result from uncontrolled inflammation and fibrosis during wound healing. Vitamin D can regulate skin proliferation and inflammation. Fibroblasts are vitamin D-responsive target cells and are source of koebnerisin (an antimicrobial peptide released during inflammation and wound healing).

Estimation of Homocysteine Level and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Gene and Cystathionine B Synthase (CBS) Gene Polymorphisms in Vitiligo Patients.

Background: Vitiligo is an acquired, multifactorial disorder of the skin and mucous membranes. An elevated homocysteine level has been described in vitiligo. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and cystathionine B synthase (CBS) are major determinants of the homocysteine metabolism.

Transforming growth factor-β1 gene polymorphism in psoriasis vulgaris.

Background: Increased transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in the epidermis and serum has been found in psoriatic patients. The mechanism for this increase remains unclear.

Objective: To study the TGF-β1 gene polymorphism at codon 10 and its relation to psoriasis susceptibility in a sample of Egyptian patients.

Estimation of tissue and serum lipocalin-2 in psoriasis vulgaris and its relation to metabolic syndrome.

Adipose tissue is now considered an endocrine organ secreting different cytokines known as adipocytokines. Lipocalin-2 has been recently identified as an adipokine present in the circulation, it is related to insulin resistance, obesity, atherosclerotic diseases and type 2 diabetes. Lipocalin-2 and psoriasis are assumed to be closely associated with the metabolic syndrome.