Establishment of CD1b-restricted immunity to lipid antigens in the pulmonary response to infection.

CD1 is an antigen-presenting glycoprotein homologous to MHC I; however, CD1 proteins present lipid rather than peptide antigens. CD1 proteins are well established to present lipid antigens of (Mtb) to T cells, but understanding the role of CD1-restricted immunity in response to Mtb infection has been limited by the availability of animal models naturally expressing the CD1 proteins implicated in human response: CD1a, CD1b, and CD1c. Guinea pigs, in contrast to other rodent models, express four CD1b orthologs, and here we utilize the guinea pig to establish the kinetics of gene and protein expression of CD1b orthologs, as well as the Mtb lipid-antigen and CD1b-restricted immune response at the tissue level over the course of Mtb infection.

Establishment of CD1b-restricted immunity to lipid antigens in the pulmonary response to infection.

CD1 is an antigen presenting glycoprotein homologous to MHC I; however, CD1 proteins present lipid rather than peptide antigen. CD1 proteins are well established to present lipid antigens of (Mtb) to T cells, but understanding the role of CD1-restricted immunity in response to Mtb infection has been limited by availability of animal models naturally expressing the CD1 proteins implicated in human response: CD1a, CD1b and CD1c. Guinea pigs, in contrast to other rodent models, express four CD1b orthologs, and here we utilize the guinea pig to establish the kinetics of gene and protein expression of CD1b orthologs, as well as the Mtb lipid-antigen and CD1b-restricted immune response at the tissue level over the course of Mtb infection.

Preparation Strategies of the Anti-Mycobacterial Drug Bedaquiline for Intrapulmonary Routes of Administration.

() has infected one-quarter of the world's population and led to the deaths of 1.6 million individuals in 2021 according to estimates from the World Health Organization. The rise in prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains coupled with insufficient therapies to treat such strains has motivated the development of more effective treatments and/or delivery modalities.

Field Performance of Two Methods for Detection of Poliovirus in Wastewater Samples, Mexico 2016-2017.

To enhance our ability to monitor poliovirus circulation and certify eradication, we evaluated the performance of the bag-mediated filtration system (BMFS) against the two-phase separation (TPS) method for concentrating wastewater samples for poliovirus detection. Sequential samples were collected at two sites in Mexico; one L was collected by grab and ~ 5 L were collected and filtered in situ with the BMFS. In the laboratory, 500 mL collected by grab were concentrated using TPS and the sample contained in the filter of the BMFS was eluted without secondary concentration.

Use of the revised World Health Organization cluster survey methodology to classify measles-rubella vaccination campaign coverage in 47 counties in Kenya, 2016.

Introduction: To achieve measles elimination, two doses of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) are provided through routine immunization services or vaccination campaigns. In May 2016, Kenya conducted a measles-rubella (MR) vaccination campaign targeting 19 million children aged 9 months-14 years, with a goal of achieving ≥95% coverage. We conducted a post-campaign cluster survey to estimate national coverage and classify coverage in Kenya's 47 counties.