Fate of beta-cyclodextrin in the human intestine.

We assessed the fate of beta-cyclodextrin, which is composed of seven alpha(1-->4)-linked glucose units in ring structure, in the human gastrointestinal tract. In four healthy ileostomists, ileal effluent was collected after oral administration of beta-cyclodextrin during fasting (10 g of beta-cyclodextrin) and postprandially (10 g of beta-cyclodextrin three times daily with meals). In 10 healthy volunteers, the amount of beta-cyclodextrin passing into the colon was determined by means of the breath hydrogen technique using lactulose as a standard, and stools were collected after oral administration of beta-cyclodextrin during fasting (10 g of beta-cyclodextrin) and postprandially (10 g of beta-cyclodextrin three times daily with meals).

Isotonic high-sodium oral rehydration solution for increasing sodium absorption in patients with short-bowel syndrome.

We compared the effect of a standard oral rehydration solution and a high-sodium polymeric-glucose solution on sodium absorption in short-bowel syndrome. Six patients with high jejunostomy were tested in a random order with the standard solution or a solution containing maltodextrins (18 g Glucidex 12/L) enriched with 2.5 g NaCl/L.

New approach to the metabolism of hydrogenated starch hydrolysate: hydrolysis by the maltase/glucoamylase complex of the rat intestinal mucosa.

The maltase (EC 3.2.1.

High resistance induced by young live Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) to Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice.

Intravenous inoculation of "young" bacilli of Calmette-Guérin 14 days before challenge with Schistosoma mansoni highly protect the mice against this infection.