Non-Abelian topological order and anyons on a trapped-ion processor.

Non-Abelian topological order is a coveted state of matter with remarkable properties, including quasiparticles that can remember the sequence in which they are exchanged. These anyonic excitations are promising building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computers. However, despite extensive efforts, non-Abelian topological order and its excitations have remained elusive, unlike the simpler quasiparticles or defects in Abelian topological order.

Loss of Muscle Mass and Strength After Hip Fracture: an Intervention Target for Nutrition Supplementation.

Purposeof Review: To summarize what is known about the deleterious effect of hip fracture on muscle mass and strength as well as the scientific evidence for post-surgical nutrition supplementation to maintain muscle and improve function.

Recent Findings: This review provides a discussion of the relationship between muscle mass, strength, and physical function following hip fracture, briefly describes the approaches to measuring lean mass, discusses prevalence of sarcopenia and malnutrition among older men and women with hip fracture, and reviews the effects of essential amino acids on muscle. Loss of muscle mass and strength following hip fracture is substantial with consequences for recovery of functional independence.

Airway Epithelial Cultures of Children with Esophageal Atresia as a Model to Study Respiratory Tract Disorders.

Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare birth defect in which respiratory tract disorders are a major cause of morbidity. It remains unclear whether respiratory tract disorders are in part caused by alterations in airway epithelial cell functions such as the activity of motile cilia. This can be studied using airway epithelial cell culture models of patients with EA.

Volume-Law to Area-Law Entanglement Transition in a Nonunitary Periodic Gaussian Circuit.

We consider Gaussian quantum circuits that alternate unitary gates and postselected weak measurements, with spatial translation symmetry and time p eriodicity. We show analytically that such models can host different kinds of measurement-induced phase transitions detected by entanglement entropy, by mapping the unitary gates and weak measurements onto Möbius transformations. We demonstrate the existence of a log-law to area-law transition, as well as a volume-law to area-law transition at a finite measurement amplitude.