[Place of the ureteroscopy in the treatment of the children urolithiasis].

Objective: To determine the efficiency and the role of ureteroscopy in the treatment of urolithiasis in children.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted between January 2006 and March 2008 in the department of pediatric surgery and urology of Besançon, Lyon and Grenoble. The clinical data of 17 children having benefited from one or more ureteroscopy procedures for urolithiasis were analyzed.

[Multicystic dysplastic kidney disease: update and information for parents at the time of prenatal diagnosis].

Multicystic kidney disease (MCKD) is the most common form of Congenital Abnormality of Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT). This anomaly of renal development is characterized by unilateral enlarged cystic formations and fibrous dysplastic parenchyma. The long-term prognosis is usually good; however because of reduced nephron mass, an early prevention of cardiovascular risk and nephrotoxicity is recommended.

[Vesicoureteric reflux in children: long-term results of endoscopic treatment by Macroplastique injection].

Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy (from the fifth year after injection and up to seven years) of endoscopic treatment by Macroplastique implant for vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) in children, sometimes associated with urological malformations or renal complications. The secondary objective was to evaluate the local tolerance of the Macroplastique implant and the development of any local (haematuria, stones, ureteric stasis) or distant complications.

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of the medical files of 389 patients, representing a total of 590 refluxing ureters treated by Macroplastique injection in eight different centres.

[Treatment of anterior hypospadias: comparison of modified Mathieu and Duplay techniques (report of 840 children)].

Purpose: The objective of this study is the comparison of 2 surgical procedures in the treatment of primary anterior hypospadias including the evaluation of short-term and long-term results.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study of the results of the modified Mathieu procedure performed in 392 patients presenting with previously untreated anterior hypospadias at one center by the same experienced surgeon is compared with the results of the modified Duplay procedure performed in 457 patients in a second center by a second experienced surgeon, both series spanning a period of 10 years.

Results: Follow-up ranged from 21 months to 10 years.

Spongioplasty and separation of the corpora cavernosa for hypospadias repair.

Objective: To describe a surgical method (a modified Duplay technique), and its results, for hypospadias repair, developed to avoid the common complication of fistula.

Patients And Methods: The urethroplasty was modified so that it no longer comprises a simple approximation of the urethral plate with no dissection. The inferior surface of the corpora cavernosa is exposed as far as the lateral border and to the end of the glans, allowing tension- free suturing of urethral tissues, with a lengthening effect of the intermediate plane.