Gender Differences in Moral Influences on Adolescents' Eyewitness Identification.

In this study, 232 (89 11- to 12-year-olds, 71 13- to 14-year-olds; 72 15- to 16-year-olds) students recruited from grades 6th-11th in an urban public high school participated in a study of eyewitness identification. The focus of this study was on the effects of age, gender and moral orientation on decisional bias and, as a secondary outcome, on accuracy (using signal detection analysis).The primary purpose of this and previous studies in this series is to uncover implicit moral decision-making in decisional bias.

Heuristics in medical and non-medical decision-making.

Pairs of hypothetical medical and non-medical problems were given to 44 pediatric residents at three levels of hospital training. Each problem was designed to detect a specific heuristic-based bias in making diagnoses. Discounting, disregarding base rate, and over-confidence in contextually embedded redundant information were more evident on medical than on non-medical problems.

The Relative Effectiveness of Direct and Indirect Persuasion.

In a study to investigate why indirect influence may be greater than direct influence, 93 introductory psychology students imposed sentences in two criminal cases. Experimental Ss gave their sentences in the first case before and after reading a judge's (harsh) sentence. The difference between the two sentences was the measure of direct influence.