Sex differences in markers of metabolic syndrome and adipose tissue inflammation in obesity-prone, Osborne-Mendel and obesity-resistant, S5B/Pl rats.

The current study examined the role of sex differences in the development of risk factors associated with obesity and its comorbidities using models that differ in their susceptibility to develop obesity, obesity-resistant S5B/Pl (S5B) and obesity-prone Osborne-Mendel (OM) rats. Male and female rats were fed a low fat or high fat diet (HFD) and markers of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and expression of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots were measured. We hypothesized that male and female OM and S5B rats would exhibit differential responses to the consumption of HFD and that females, regardless of susceptibility to develop obesity, would display decreased obesity-related risk factors.

Transection of Gustatory Nerves Differentially Affects Dietary Fat Intake in Obesity-Prone and Obesity-Resistant Rats.

The current prevalence of obesity has been linked to the consumption of highly palatable foods and may be mediated by a dysregulated or hyposensitive orosensory perception of dietary fat, thereby contributing to the susceptibility to develop obesity. The goal of the current study was to investigate the role of lingual taste input in obesity-prone (OP, Osborne-Mendel) and obesity-resistant (OR, S5B/Pl) rats on the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD). Density of fungiform papillae was assessed as a marker of general orosensory input.

Expression of neural markers of gustatory signaling are differentially altered by continuous and intermittent feeding patterns.

Food intake patterns are regulated by signals from the gustatory neural circuit, a complex neural network that begins at the tongue and continues to homeostatic and hedonic brain regions involved in eating behavior. The goal of the current study was to investigate the short-term effects of continuous access to a high fat diet (HFD) versus limited access to dietary fat on the gustatory neural circuit. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a chow diet, a HFD (56% kcal from fat), or provided limited, daily (2 h/day) or limited, intermittent (2 h/day, 3 times/week) access to vegetable shortening for 2 weeks.

The prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors is differentially elevated in obesity-prone Osborne-Mendel and obesity-resistant S5B/Pl rats.

Aims: Individual susceptibility to develop obesity may impact the development of cardio-metabolic risk factors that lead to obesity-related comorbid conditions. Obesity-prone Osborne-Mendel (OM) rats expressed higher levels of visceral adipose inflammation than obesity-resistant, S5B/Pl (S5B) rats. However, the consumption of a high fat diet (HFD) differentially affected OM and S5B rats and induced an increase in visceral adipose inflammation in S5B rats.

High fat diet consumption differentially affects adipose tissue inflammation and adipocyte size in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats.

Background/objectives: Expanding visceral adiposity is associated with increased inflammation and increased risk for developing obesity-related comorbidities. The goal of this study was to examine high fat diet (HFD)-induced differences in adipocyte size and cytokine/chemokine expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots in obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats.

Methods: OP and OR rats were fed either a low fat diet (LFD, 10% kilocalories from fat) or HFD (60% kilocalories from fat) for 7 weeks.