The Transporters Abc1 and Abc6 Are Important for Xenobiotic Resistance, Trichothecene Accumulation, and Virulence to Wheat.

The plant pathogenic fungus is the causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease on small-grain cereals. produces trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) that are required for full virulence. DON must be exported outside the cell to cause FHB disease, a process that may require the involvement of membrane-bound transporters.

Current evidence and clinical utility of phenobarbital for alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

Background: Phenobarbital (PB) has been acknowledged among clinicians as a potential alternative to benzodiazepines (BZD) to decrease the need for hospital length of stay and complications associated with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). However, the level of evidence, including appropriate dosing, is unclear. We aim to summarize the evidence regarding PB used in AWS and provide future agendas for research.

Fusarium BP1 is a reader of H3K27 methylation.

Histone H3 lysine 27 methylation catalyzed by polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is conserved from fungi to humans and represses gene transcription. However, the mechanism for recognition of methylated H3K27 remains unclear, especially in fungi. Here, we found that the bromo-adjacent homology (BAH)-plant homeodomain (PHD) domain containing protein BAH-PHD protein 1 (BP1) is a reader of H3K27 methylation in the cereal fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum.

Species Complex: A Bibliographic Analysis and Web-Accessible Database for Global Mapping of Species and Trichothecene Toxin Chemotypes.

is ranked among the five most destructive fungal pathogens that affect agroecosystems. It causes floral diseases in small grain cereals including wheat, barley, and oats, as well as maize and rice. We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies reporting species within the species complex (FGSC) and created two main data tables.

Plant defense compound triggers mycotoxin synthesis by regulating H2B ub1 and H3K4 me2/3 deposition.

Fusarium graminearum produces the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) which promotes its expansion during infection on its plant host wheat. Conditional expression of DON production during infection is poorly characterized. Wheat produces the defense compound putrescine, which induces hypertranscription of DON biosynthetic genes (FgTRIs) and subsequently leads to DON accumulation during infection.