Antipsychotic use during pregnancy and outcomes in pregnant individuals and newborns.

Background: Despite the increasing use of antipsychotics during pregnancy, comprehensive evaluations of their individual safety profiles using global data remain limited. This study aimed to assess the safety of various antipsychotics during pregnancy by comparing them to quetiapine, which has a relatively large body of safety data.

Method: Utilizing the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database (1967-2023; n = 131,255,418 reports), we identified 11,406 reports of antipsychotic exposure during pregnancy.

Synthesis of tertiary alkyl amines via photoinduced copper-catalysed nucleophilic substitution.

In view of the high propensity of tertiary alkyl amines to be bioactive, the development of new methods for their synthesis is an important challenge. Transition-metal catalysis has the potential to greatly expand the scope of nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkyl electrophiles; unfortunately, in the case of alkyl amines as nucleophiles, only one success has been described so far: the selective mono-alkylation of primary amines to form secondary amines. Here, using photoinduced copper catalysis, we report the synthesis of tertiary alkyl amines from secondary amines and unactivated alkyl electrophiles, two readily available coupling partners.

Extending and Testing Protection Motivation Theory in the Context of COVID-19 Contact-Tracing Technology: A Comparison of South Korea and the United States.

This study applies protection motivation theory (PMT) to the COVID-19 contact-tracing context by including privacy concerns, collective efficacy, and a mediator (fear of COVID-19) and tests it in the US and South Korea. The study uses a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach and a sample of 418 Americans and 444 South Koreans. According to the results, fear was positively associated with adoption intentions in the US sample but not in the Korean sample.

Hypotension after induction of anesthesia with remimazolam or etomidate: a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine known for its hemodynamic stability over propofol. However, its hemodynamic effects compared to those of etomidate are not well established. This study aimed to determine whether the use of remimazolam is non-inferior to etomidate with regard to the occurrence of post-induction hypotension in patients undergoing coronary arterial bypass grafting.

Surgical Timing and Stenting in Neonatal Choanal Atresia.

Background And Objectives: Congenital choanal atresia is a rare condition that occurs in approximately 1 in 7,000 to 8,000 live births and involves the obstruction of the posterior nasal airway. It may present as either unilateral or bilateral, with bilateral cases being more severe due to the risk of immediate neonatal respiratory distress. Bilateral congenital choanal atresia (BCCA) necessitates prompt medical intervention to prevent cyanosis and significant breathing difficulties.