Inventory of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in France as Assessed by a Multicenter Study.

The objective of this study was to perform an inventory of the extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates responsible for infections in French hospitals and to assess the mechanisms associated with ESBL diffusion. A total of 200 nonredundant ESBL-producing strains isolated from clinical samples were collected during a multicenter study performed in 18 representative French hospitals. Antibiotic resistance genes were identified by PCR and sequencing experiments.

Disk Diffusion Testing for Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci: Does Moxalactam Improve upon Cefoxitin?

Disk diffusion testing is widely used to detect methicillin resistance in staphylococci, and cefoxitin is currently considered the best marker for mecA-mediated methicillin resistance. In low-inoculum diffusion testing (colony suspension at 10 CFU/ml), the addition of moxalactam in combination with cefoxitin has been reported to improve on cefoxitin alone for the detection of methicillin-heteroresistant staphylococci. However, moxalactam is absent from EUCAST and CLSI guidelines, which use high-inoculum diffusion testing (colony suspension at 10 CFU/ml), calling into question the potential interest of including moxalactam in their recommendations.

EUCAST recommendations for antimicrobial susceptibility testing applied to the three main Campylobacter species isolated in humans.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Campylobacter isolates is of great importance for treatment options especially in systemic diseases. The European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) recently proposed epidemiological cut-offs (ECOFFs) for a limited number of antimicrobial compounds and for Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli only. In the present study, the EUCAST method was used after minor modifications to define antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for, 1997 C.

Decline in antibiotic resistance and changes in the serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children with acute otitis media; a 2001-2011 survey by the French Pneumococcal Network.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of acute otitis media (AOM). The aim of this study was to evaluate trends in antibiotic resistance and circulating serotypes of pneumococci isolated from middle ear fluid of French children with AOM during the period 2001-2011, before and after the introduction of the PCV-7 (2003) and PCV-13 (2010) vaccines. Between 2001 and 2011 the French pneumococcal surveillance network analysed the antibiotic susceptibility of 6683 S.

A new challenge for hospitals in southeast France: monitoring local populations of Aedes albopictus to prevent nosocomial transmission of dengue or chikungunya.

Aedes albopictus was first identified in southern France in 2004, inducing an emerging risk for autochthonous transmission around imported cases of dengue or chikungunya, and also for mosquito-borne nosocomial transmission in hospitals. Aedes albopictus has been present in Marseille since September 2009 and in Aix-en-Provence since August 2010. Because of the possible admission of viremic patients with dengue or chikungunya in the hospitals of these cities, a mosquito survey was conducted in 2011 in 2 of the hospitals, with the use of mosquito traps.