SEPO-FI: Deep-learning based software to calculate fusion index of muscle cells.

The fusion index is a critical metric for quantitatively assessing the transformation of in vitro muscle cells into myotubes in the biological and medical fields. Traditional methods for calculating this index manually involve the labor-intensive counting of numerous muscle cell nuclei in images, which necessitates determining whether each nucleus is located inside or outside the myotubes, leading to significant inter-observer variation. To address these challenges, this study proposes a three-stage process that integrates the strengths of pattern recognition and deep-learning to automatically calculate the fusion index.

L-Threonine-Derived Biodegradable Polyurethane Nanoparticles for Sustained Carboplatin Release.

The use of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) in drug delivery systems offers the advantages of enhancing drug efficacy and minimizing side effects; In this study, L-threonine polyurethane (LTPU) NPs have been fabricated by water-in-oil-in-water emulsion and solvent evaporation using biodegradable and biocompatible LTPU. This polymer was pre-synthesized through the use of an amino acid-based chain extender, desaminotyrosyl L-threonine hexyl ester (DLTHE), where urethane bonds are formed by poly(lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid) (PLA-PEG-PLA) triblock copolymer and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). LTPU is designed to be degraded by hydrolysis and enzymatic activity due to the presence of ester bonds and peptide bonds within the polymer backbone.

Advances in Therapy for Urothelial and Non-Urothelial Subtype Histologies of Advanced Bladder Cancer: From Etiology to Current Development.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common histological subtype of bladder tumors; however, bladder cancer represents a heterogeneous group of diseases with at least 40 distinct histological subtypes. Among these, the 2022 World Health Organization classification of urinary tract tumors identifies a range of less common subtypes of invasive UC, formerly known as variants, which are considered high-grade tumors, including squamous cell, small-cell, sarcomatoid urothelial, micropapillary, plasmacytoid, and urachal carcinomas, and adenocarcinoma. Their accurate histological diagnosis is critical for risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making, as most subtype histologies are associated with poorer outcomes than conventional UC.

Enhanced Peelability and Quality of Whiteleg Shrimp () Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Treatment.

This study investigated the effects of pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on the peeling efficiency and textural properties of whiteleg shrimp (). Shrimp samples were treated at field strengths of 0, 1.0, 1.